Cytology questions | form five Biology

1. What is glycolysis?
2. Summarize the essential features of glycolysiswhich lead to the release of energy from a molecule of glucose (flow chart is unnecessary)

Figure 3 below shows an ultrastructure of a cell.

1. (i) Giving reasons ,state whether the cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic.

          (ii) Give the names of the structures labelled M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U and V.

2. State one function of each of the structures N, R, S and T.

Below (Fig 4) is a diagram of an acinar cell of a pancreas involved in synthesis  and secretion of an inactive enzyme (Zymogen).

1. Name the parts labelled A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.
2. Briefly explain how organelles A, C, D and H are involved in the synthesis and secretion of the inactive enzyme.

Figure 1 below is a diagram of the “fluid mosaic model” of the cell membrane structure . Study the figure carefully and then answer the questions which follow it.

1. Name the structures represented by labels A, B, C and D
2. Name the bichemical substance formed when E and F combine.
3. What role does structure F play in the functions of a membrane?

1. Account for the fact that megaspores of Dryoptens sp are large and microspores are small.
2. Explain how destructing an enzyme may affect its efficiency as a catalyst.

1. Give two (2) functions of each of the following cellular organelles.

         (i) Nucleus  (ii) Endoplasmic reticulum (iii) Golgi apparatus (iv) Lysosomes.

2. What advantages does a eukaryotic cell gain by having internal membrane – bound organelles?

1. State the properties of enzymes
2. Sketch graphs to show the types of curves that would be obtained when investigating enzyme activity under constant conditions when

          (i)A fixed quantity of enzyme is used

          (ii) Excess substrate is used

100. Describe the roles of lipids in living organisms.

1. Why is it advantageous for cells to be small in size?
2. Draw a large and neat diagram of a chloroplast and label the parts involved in the process it undertakes.

1. State any four functions of lipids in living things.
2. Outline four roles of plasma membrane of a cell.

1. Explain the properties of enzyme
2. In what way the knowledge of competitive inhibition is important?