Measurement questions | form five Physics

(i) What is meant by random errors?
(ii) Briefly explain two causes of random errors in measurements.

The period ‘T’ of oscillation of a body is said to be 1.5 ± 0.002s while its amplitude ‘A’ is 0.3 ± 0.005m and the radius of gyration ‘k’ is 0.28 ± 0.005m. If the acceleration due to gravity ‘g’ was found to be related to ‘T’,’A’ and ‘k’ by the equation , find the :

1. Numerical value of, ‘g’ in four decimal places.
2. Percentage error in, ‘g’.

The largest mass, ‘m’ of a stone that can be moved by the flowing river depends on the velocity of flow ‘v’, the density ‘‘of water and the acceleration due to gravity ’g’. Show that the mass, ‘m’ varies to the sixth power of the velocity of flow.

(i) Distinguish random error from systematic error.
(ii) Give a practical example of each term in (i) and briefly explain how they can be
reduced or eliminated.

Define the terms error and mistake.

An experiment was done to find the acceleration due to gravity by using the formula , where all symbols carry their usual meaning, If the clock loses 3 seconds in 5 minutes, determine the error in measuring ‘g’, given that, ​T = 2.22sec, ​l =121.6​cm , and . ​

What is the importance of dimensional analysis in spite of its drawbacks?

The following measurements were taken by a student for the length of a piece of rod:
21.02, 20.99, 20.92, 21.11 and 20.69. Basing on error analysis find the true value of the length of a piece of rod and its associated error.

What is the difference between degree of accuracy and precision.

In an experiment to determine Young`s modulus of a wooden material the following measurements were recorded.

length

breadth

thickness and

slope

Given that Young`s modulus Y is given by

Calculate the maximum percentage error in the value of Y.