Measurement questions | form five Physics

Measurement of mass by using equal-arm beam balance uses the principle of

1. Conservation of momentum
2. Conservation of energy
3. Moments
4. Gravitational pull of the earth
5. Conservation of matter

1. identify two basic rules of dimensional analysis
2. the frequency n of vibration of a streched string is a function of its tension  F , the length l and mass per unit length m. use the method of dimensions to derive the formula relating the stated physical quantities.

Give the meaning of the following terms as used in error analysis :

1. absolute error
2. relative error

i)What is an error? Mention two causes of systematic and two causes of random errors.

ii)The pressure P is calculated from the relation  where F is the force and R the radius. If the percentage possible errors are 2% for F and 1% for R. Calculate the possible percentage error for P.

The speed v of a wave is found to depend on the tension T in the string and the mass per unit length (linear mass density). Using dimensional analysis derive the relationship between v, T and .

Apply the method of dimension to:

1. derive an expression for the acceleration of a particle moving in a uniform circular motion.
2. check the correctness of the equation, , where  O, J, r, g,   and hare the angle of contact, density of the liquid, reading on the tube, acceleration due to gravity, surface tension and the height of the liquid respectively.

What causes systematic errors in an experiment? Give four points.

Estimate the numerical value of drag force with its associated error given that the measurements of the quantities C, A, and V were recorded as unit less, , and respectively.

How can random and systematic errors be minimized during an experiment?

Estimate the precision to which the Young’s modulus, of the wire can be determined by the formula , given that the applied tension ​ F = 500​ N ​ , the length of the loaded wire, ​l = 3​ m ​ , the diameter of the wire, ​ d = 1​ mm ​ , the extension of the wire, ​ e = 5​ mm and the error associated with these quantities are 0.5N, 2mm, 0.01mm and 0.1mm respectively.